Fig. 13From: Osmunda pulchella sp. nov. from the Jurassic of Sweden—reconciling molecular and fossil evidence in the phylogeny of modern royal ferns (Osmundaceae)Diagram illustrating the phylogenetic positions of fossil rhizomes within an independently obtained chronogram for modern Osmundaceae that was calibrated using frond fossils only [34]. a = O. pulchella; b–d = M. liaoningensis, A. plumites, and A. wangii; e = A. claytoniites; f = T. tidwellii; g = O. cinnamomea (Cretaceous, Canada [64]); h = O. precinnamomea [29]; i = O. pluma; j = O. dowkeri (Paleocene, UK [75]); k = O. arnoldii; l = O. oregonensis; m = O. nathorstii; n = O. dowkeri (Eocene, USA; see [29]); o = O. cinnamomea (Neogene, USA [29]); p = O. wehrii; q = O. shimokawaensis; r = O. cinnamomea (Miocene, Japan [63]); s = O. iliaensis Back to article page