Comparative phylogeography and demographic history of European shads (Alosa alosa and A. fallax) inferred from mitochondrial DNA

Table 2 Maximum likelihood estimates of peak posterior distribution and 95% highest posterior densities (HPD) of effective population sizes (Ne), effective number of migrants per generation in each direction (2Nm) and time since divergence (t) in million years (Myrs) between A. alosa and A. fallax and between two geographic groups of A. fallax , as inferred with IMa2

Species/Group	Ancestral Ne [95%HPD]	Ne of descendant populations [95%HPD]	2 Nm [95%HPD]	(t) [95%HPD]
A. alosa/A. fallax	189,532	A. alosa: 63,303	Into A. alosa: 2.630***	1.259
	[28,154–386,803]³	[29,692–122,514]	[0.486–8.558]	[0.294–3.477]⁴
		A. fallax: 228,909	Into A. fallax: 2.300*
		[158,862–322,562]	[0–9.647]
Mediterranean/Atlantic¹	-	Mediterranean: 91,749	Into Mediterranean:0.008^ns	0.332
	[0–348,127]³	[48,560–166,117]	[0–2.370]	[0.153–1.496]⁴
		Atlantic: 144,733	Into Atlantic: 2.149***
		[87,008–231,952]	[0.299–6.932]
Mediterranean/Atlantic²	30,830	Mediterranean: 88,180	Into Mediterranean: 0.008^ns	0.250
	[0–348,094]³	[45,929–163,432]	[0–2.538]³	[0.116–1.494]⁴
		Atlantic: 126,331	Into Atlantic: 1.905**
		[72,940–212,094]	[0.248–6.774]

¹all sequences included; ²excluding sequences putatively originated from a third group (Morocco); ³ non-informative HPD because the posterior density does not reach low levels near neither the upper nor the lower limit of the prior; ⁴HPD interval may be incorrect due to multiple peaks; ^*Values significantly different from zero at p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; and ***p < 0.001; ^nsnon significant.

ISSN: 2730-7182