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Table 1 Mean MCMCtree posterior estimates (Ma)

From: The soft explosive model of placental mammal evolution

Clades

169 taxa: calibrating mostly “ancestral rates” clades

122 taxa: large, long-lived taxa deleted

Alternative calibration

Calibration from Phillips [11]

Additional well-supported calibrations

(A) Phillips [11]

(B) Springer et al. [10]

(C) dR 32

(D) dR40

(E) dR40 ind 95% CI

(F) dR40 auto 95% CI

Placentalia

78.2

92.4

76.1

78.7

76.3–80.9

76.6–81.0

Laurasiatheria

66.8

75.8

65.5

66.6

64.3–67.7

65.4–69.0

Scrotifera

64.4

74.0

64.1

64.9

62.4–66.0

63.7–67.4

Fereuungulata

64.3

73.4

63.9

64.3

61.9–65.5

63.2–66.9

Ferae

62.3

70.7

62.7

61.6

59.0–62.8

60.7–64.6

Euarchontoglires

67.7

76.7

66.3

67.9

66.3–69.3

66.5–69.3

Archonta

67.3

76.2a

66.0

67.1

65.3-68.5

65.8–68.5

Primatomorpha

67.1

75.2

65.7

66.2

64.4–67.6

64.9–67.5

Glires

65.7

73.7

64.3

65.5

64.2–67.1

63.9–66.6

Afrotheria

59.4

76.6

61.2

63.0

61.3–66.6

59.9–64.7

Afroinsectivora

57.7

73.5

59.3

60.3

58.7–63.7

57.4–62.2

  1. Dates refer to the crown ages of placental mammals and ten of the twelve interordinal clades identified by Meredith et al. [2] among the primary placental diversification spike. The two other clades, Afroinsectiphilia and Zooamata are excluded in the 122 taxon data sets based on Springer et al.’s [10] deletion of large, long-lived taxa. The average of independent (ind) and autocorrelated (auto) rates model divergence dates are provided for A-D, with 95% credible intervals provided for the dR40 timetrees for both the independent rates (E) and autocorrelated rates (F) analyses. (A) divergences from Phillips ([11], Fig. 4d), (B) Springer et al.’s [10] 122-taxon reanalysis of Phillips [11] with a new calibration scheme, (C) our analysis of the 122-taxon data set focusing on Phillips’ [11] calibrations, and then adding eight further calibrations (D-F, see Additional file 3)
  2. aIn Springer et al. [10] Scandentia groups with Glires, hence, we show the age of that grouping instead of Archonta (Scandentia/Primatomorphia)