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Fig. 2 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Fig. 2

From: Maternal care in Acanthosomatinae (Insecta: Heteroptera: Acanthosomatidae)—correlated evolution with morphological change

Fig. 2

Character evolution of maternal care (left) and Pendergrast’s organ (right) using parsimony based on the topology as shown in Fig. 1a. Left cladogram showing four steps under parsimony reconstruction (4 gains): red clades indicate presence of egg-nymph guarding (maternal care), white indicate absence, clades with a mixture of two colors indicate equivocal, clade in gray indicates unknown of reproductive behavior. Right cladogram showing 6 steps under parsimony reconstruction (three losses and three reductions): blue clades indicate presence of Pendergrast’s organ (PO), green indicates reduced PO, white indicates absence of PO, pie charts and values show likelihood reconstruction of nodes of interest, states judged best estimate under the threshold (2) are marked with an asterisk, letters indicate representative forms of PO shown in Fig. 3, letters with same color background have the same pattern of PO

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