Skip to main content

Table 1 Differential rates of fixation (R) of unique fusions and syntenic group disruptions (fissions) during the evolution of the analyzed lineages

From: Integration of molecular cytogenetics, dated molecular phylogeny, and model-based predictions to understand the extreme chromosome reorganization in the Neotropical genus Tonatia (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae)

Lineage

Time (myr)

SE

Fission/Fusions

 

R (changes/myr)

 

Comments

    

Lower

 

Upper

 

PGA to PA

1.7006

3.4345

1

−0.5756

0.5880

0.1947

Stasis

PA to PiA

3.9046

3.1613

0

0

0

0

Stasis

PiA to L/M

0.6135

2.9292

0

0

0

0

Stasis

L/M to M

3.0248

2.8037

1

4.5228

0.3306

0.1715

variable

L/M to L

10.1032

1.2038

0

0

0

0

Stasis

PiA to T

6.2324

2.7562

39

11.22

6.26

4.34

Evolution

T to TSA/TBI

12.6332

1.7908

0 – 1

0 – 0.0922

0 – 0.0791

0-0.0693

Stasis

PGA to GA

7.786

3.3742

2

0.4533

0.2568

0.1792

Stasis

GA to Aa

4.6205

3.2150

14

9.9609

3.03

1.7867

Evolution

A to ACA/AGEa

6.7802

2.0390

0

0

0

0

Stasis

  1. The time used corresponds to specific internodal distances in million years (myr) and the lower and upper values of R were calculated using the standard errors for the divergence time of each branch (SE). The two species of Tonatia as well as all Anoura species have the same karyotype
  2. Abbreviations as follows: Phyllostominae + Glossophaginae ancestor (PGA), Phyllostominae ancestor (PA), Glossophaginae ancestor (GA); Phyllostomini ancestor (PiA); Lophostoma + Mimon ancestor (L/M); genus Lophostoma (L), genus Mimon (M); genus Tonatia (T); genus Anoura (A); Tonatia bidens (TBI); Tonatia saurophila (TSA); Anoura caudifer (ACA); Anoura geoffroyii (AGE). The date estimates of the branches marked with an a were derived from RAG2 sequence data only.