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Table 1 Divergence times, absolute substitution rates, and synonymous to nonsynonymous rate ratios for all terminal branches

From: Extensive variation in synonymous substitution rates in mitochondrial genes of seed plants

Branch

Time (MYA)

RS (SSB)

RN (SSB)

RN/RS

P. lanceolata

17 ± 1

7.71 ± 2.08

0.53 ± 0.13

0.07

P. rugelii

17 ± 1

69.62 ± 6.33

2.76 ± 0.30

0.04

Nicotiana

82 ± 4

0.19 ± 0.06

0.06 ± 0.02

0.30

Daucus

89 ± 5

0.38 ± 0.06

0.17 ± 0.03

0.45

Sambucus

89 ± 5

0.10 ± 0.04

0.05 ± 0.01

0.50

S. latifolia

5 ± 1

0.54 ± 0.38

0.22 ± 0.12

0.40

S. noctiflora

5 ± 1

90.12 ± 13.94

5.37 ± 1.00

0.06

S. acaulis

8 ± 1

1.55 ± 0.52

0.45 ± 0.15

0.29

Stellaria

19 ± 4

0.59 ± 0.24

0.07 ± 0.06

0.11

Beta

38 ± 2

0.56 ± 0.12

0.04 ± 0.02

0.07

Nepenthes

76 ± 4

0.29 ± 0.07

0.05 ± 0.02

0.16

Erodium

41 ± 3

0.79 ± 0.72

0.06 ± 0.03

0.08

Pelargonium

41 ± 3

30.70 ± 3.07

1.22 ± 0.17

0.04

Arabidopsis

100 ± 4

0.56 ± 0.07

0.16 ± 0.02

0.28

Oenothera

100 ± 4

0.70 ± 0.08

0.14 ± 0.03

0.20

Pisum

100 ± 4

0.45 ± 0.07

0.09 ± 0.02

0.20

Platanus

130 ± 6

0.08 ± 0.03

0.05 ± 0.01

0.57

Mahonia

131 ± 6

0.23 ± 0.05

0.03 ± 0.01

0.14

Laurus

133 ± 6

0.11 ± 0.03

0.03 ± 0.01

0.30

Liriodendron

133 ± 6

0.09 ± 0.03

0.02 ± 0.01

0.24

Piper

137 ± 6

0.36 ± 0.05

0.05 ± 0.01

0.14

Eichhornia

86 ± 4

0.33 ± 0.08

0.03 ± 0.01

0.09

Oryza

86 ± 4

0.61 ± 0.08

0.15 ± 0.03

0.24

Phoenix

92 ± 5

0.11 ± 0.04

0.05 ± 0.02

0.43

Philodendron

118 ± 6

0.19 ± 0.05

0.04 ± 0.01

0.23

Acorus

127 ± 6

2.45 ± 0.21

0.26 ± 0.03

0.11

Nymphaea

153 ± 8

0.26 ± 0.05

0.08 ± 0.02

0.31

Amborella

158 ± 8

0.18 ± 0.04

0.07 ± 0.01

0.42

Araucaria

245 ± 0

0.43 ± 0.07

0.09 ± 0.01

0.20

Podocarpus

245 ± 0

0.93 ± 0.10

0.08 ± 0.02

0.09

Juniperus

267 ± 8

0.47 ± 0.06

0.20 ± 0.02

0.43

Pinus

286 ± 13

0.04 ± 0.02

0.13 ± 0.02

3.27

Gnetum

169 ± 27

0.38 ± 0.10

0.11 ± 0.03

0.28

Ephedra

169 ± 27

2.36 ± 0.43

0.31 ± 0.06

0.13

Ginkgo

315 ± 5

0.10 ± 0.02

0.04 ± 0.01

0.39

Cycas

179 ± 9

0.02 ± 0.01

0.03 ± 0.01

1.94

Zamia

179 ± 9

0.06 ± 0.02

0.03 ± 0.01

0.59