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Figure 3 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Figure 3

From: Lotka–Volterra dynamics kills the Red Queen: population size fluctuations and associated stochasticity dramatically change host-parasite coevolution

Figure 3

The influence of initial allele frequency on fixation time and probability for the stochastic models. For an N avg =200, we plot the time until any of the four alleles goes to fixation (left column) and the probability of fixation of one of the host and parasite alleles for all possible initial conditions (middle and right columns) (averages over 106 realizations). Lotka-Volterra fluctuations lead to substantially faster allele fixations (top left panel) and high fixation probability for the host allele across a wide range of initial conditions (top middle panel). The simulations were always stopped when either one of the host or one of the parasite alleles reached fixation. Thus, the sum of the fixation probabilities of all alleles sums up to 1. The specific initial conditions used in Figure 2 are indicated.

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