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Figure 5 | BMC Evolutionary Biology

Figure 5

From: Evolution of plant RNA polymerase IV/V genes: evidence of subneofunctionalization of duplicated NRPD2/NRPE2-like paralogs in Viola (Violaceae)

Figure 5

d N and d S estimated for NRPD2/E2-a and NRPD2/E2-b along individual branches in the Violaceae phylogeny. Values of d N (above branches) and d S (below branches) along each branch were estimated by using the free-ratio model using the CodeML program in PAML [49]. For the branches drawn with bold lines, d N /d S was larger than 1 (p = 0.010) under a 2-rate model, which suggests that positive selection acted on these lineages. Branches collapsing in a MP phylogenetic analysis of the 54 bp region are indicated with broken lines. NRPD2/E2 duplication in the common ancestor of Allexis and Viola is indicated. Only species names are shown for Viola, and non-Viola taxon names are shown in boldface. Pseudogenes are indicated with capital letters.

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